Software comparisons, alternatives, and tool decision notes.

Fix Nginx 'upstream connection refused' When Talking to PHP-FPM

You're seeing upstream connection refused in your Nginx error log, and your site...

Fix DNS Probe Finished NXDOMAIN Caused by Antivirus Blocking

You try to load a website and see DNS_PROBE_FINISHED_NXDOMAIN in Chrome, or simi...

Fix Discord Black Screen from Chrome Hardware Acceleration

Why Chrome Hardware Acceleration Causes Discord Black Screen

When Chrome uses hardware a...

Fix DNS Probe Finished NXDOMAIN After Changing DNS

After updating your DNS settings—perhaps to use Google Public DNS or Cloudflare—you might see the...

Fix err_name_not_resolved Caused by Chrome Extensions

If you see err_name_not_resolved in Chrome, a misbehaving or conflicting extension c...

How to Fix Cloudflare Error 522 Connection Timed Out

Error 522 appears when Cloudflare can connect to your origin server but the server doesn't re...